CAIYONGHENGLIUYUANDEFAKONGYEYAJIXITONGDEYOUDIAN

采用恒流源的阀控液压机系统（b）。常用于驾驶系统，这是一种节能型回路，当操纵阀处于中位时，仅产生较低的工作压力（负载为零），因此不消耗什么能量。只有当驾驶动作发生时80吨单柱液压机，工作压力才随负载成正比例地变化单柱液压机。

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二次调节系统（c）是一种静压传动回路。变量机构由恒压回路供油，可逆式轴向柱塞马达（二次元件）由变量机构维持转速恒定，通过调节马达斜盘倾角来适应外扭矩的变化拉伸液压机。这种回路在负载制动过程中，马达功能变成泵功能，聚集的动能可回收，能显著提高整个系统效率。

在上述四种控制方式中，今后发生较大变化是这些液压机回路采用比例阀进行开环或闭环控制，并提供自动化接口。还有一种情况框架式液压机，目前，如系统（a）或（d）采用变转速电机控制定量泵的方案更节电能。但是，不管液压机结合电子驱动与控制技术如何变化。上述四种典型液压机控制方式的本质不会改变。

液压机的齿轮泵是液压系统的心脏，简称油泵。在液压系统中，一定至少有一个泵。液压液压机的齿轮泵是一种能量转换装置，它的作用是使流动发生运动，把机械能转换成流体能。 泵是液压传动系统中的动力元件，由原动机驱动，从原动机的输出功率中取出机械能，并把它转换成流体的压力能，为系统提供压力油液。然后，在需要做功的场所，由执行元件把流体压力能转换成机械能输出到液压机的齿轮泵中。

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